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Samojediska qvinnor i Obdorsk bära en stor, blank jern=ring öfver magen. TN ниʹ мара or ниʹ еся. Large copper or iron clasps used by women (also west of the Ural Mountains) as decoration and in order to tie the belt over their coats (Amelina 2014: 13, 23, 27). The Samoyed women in Obdorsk wear a large, smooth iron ring over their stomach. De Ob Sjukdomar: weneriskt, lepra, skjörbjugg, kro- nisk hosta, koppor, rheumatism, lungsot. Diseases: venereal, leprosy, scurvy, chronic cough, smallpox, rheumatism, pneumonia. Då Ostjj. omkr[ing]. This can be related to the year 1781, when Prince Tajšin attacked the princedom of Ljapin together with the Nenets because the Ljapin prince accepted baptism. The eating of the heart(s) of the enemies by the winners of a war is a motif in Khanty folklore. (Bachrušin 1935: 67; Patkanov 2003: 91–92) år antogo Xd.[kristendom], förgrym- made sig Samojj.[Samojederne] deröfver, gjorde anfall på Ostjj.[]Ostjaker, intogo och plundrade Bere- sov, samt dödade mkt[mycket] folk. Trad[ition]. förtäljer, att de uttogo de dödandes hjertan och uppåts dem. When the Ostyaks adopted Christianity, the Samoyeds became furious, attacked the Ostyaks, captured and plundered Berezov, and killed a lot of people. Tradition tells us that they took out the hearts of the deceased and ate them. the page is upside down
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Dagar räkna Samojederne ej. TN сиʹʹивʹ or сиʹʹив яля ʻweek’.The names for the days of the week can be formed using ordinal numbers so that, for example, Monday is сиʹʹивʹ нюртей яля ʻfirst day of the week’. Additionally, Wednesday is середа or ерь яля’, Thursday сетберк, and Sunday хэбидя яля or нылана яля. (Barmič 2015: 93, 404, 535, 699, 811) (TaS, KL) The Samoyeds do not count weekdays. the page is upside down
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Samojeder i Beresovska Afd[elningen]. kretsen Samoyeds in the Berezov uezd See [Berezov uezd]. 1. Obdorska Obdorsk 3261 mk.[mänskliga] men 2309 qk.[qvinnliga] women 2. Kynovatska Ky[u]novat Here Kunovat refers to an administrative area, the Kunovat volostʹ. Kunovat is an old town, situated on the bank of the River Kunovat and already known in sources from the 16th century. The town was the centre of the Kunovat princedom, which had close contacts with other princedoms of the Berezov uezd. Later, it served as a centre of the Kunovat volostʹ. The Nenets of the area were Forest Nenets speakers. (Bachrušin 1935: 6–7, 37, 66–68; Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 237–238) 37 31 3. Казымскихъ Kazym Here Kazym refers to an administrative area, the Kazym volostʹ. Kazym is a town situated on the bank of the River Kazym and already known in sources from the 16th century. The town was a centre of the Kazym princedom and a significant centre of trade between the Khanty and Forest Nenets. The Nenets of the area were Forest Nenets speakers. (Bachrušin 1935:18, 68–69; Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 237–238) 312 239 4. Ljapinska Ljapin Here Ljapin refers to an administrative area, the Ljapin volostʹ. Ljapin is a town situated on the bank of the River Sygva and the town, together with the Ljapin princedom, is already known in sources from the 16th century, and it was one of the largest princedoms of the Berezov area in the 17th century. The Nenets of the area were Forest Nenets speakers. (Bachrušin 1935: 7, 66–68; Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 237–238) 79 58 total 3689 2627 Obs. I Sosvinska volosten finnas ej Samoj[eder]. NB: There are no Samoyeds in the Sosva volostʹ. Sosva refers here to an administrative area, the Sosʹva volostʹ. The town of Sosva served as the centre of the fomer Sosva princedom, and as the princedom itself fell, Sosva became known as one of the major religious centres with an idol (šaitan) that was visited by neighbouring Khanty. The indigenous people were mostly speakers of Mansi, but also Khanty. (Bachrušin 1935: 7, 30–31; Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 237–238) the page is upside down
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Samojediska ätter (jierkka) TN еркар. See [роды]. i Obdorska volosten Samoyed families (jierkka) in the Obdorsk volost I. Paenjaangы TN пэʹ яңгы ʻthose who live in the stone land’, corresponds to the Ru kamennye ‘stony’. They both refer to Nenets moving on the slopes of the Urals and the Yamal Peninsula. (Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 42, 311). See [tasinjaangy]; [nizovye]. (Верховые), de vid Ural. venster om Ob Harjuci, TN Харючи, Харюци fe. Харючиʹ, Харëйʹ. One of the largest families in Yamal and Tajmyr Peninsulas. It has also been suggested to represent one of the exogamic groups of the Nenets, the other being Ванойта. (Chomič 1976: 102–103; Dolgich 1970: 9–14; Tereščenko 2003: 749, 754) en stor ätt, som delas i särskilda afdelningar grenar, såsom Tusida TN Тусида, Тусяда, fe. Тудядыʹ. According to Chomič, Тусяда is a branch of the fratry of Харючи (Tereščenko 2003: 677; Chomič 1976: 108) , Seera deta TN Сэродэта, fe. Сэродэтэйʹ. According to Chomič, Сэродэта is a branch of the fratry of Харючи (Tereščenko 2003: 585; Chomič 1976: 107) , Hoorilie Хораля, fe. Хорэлиʹ. According to Chomič, Хораля is a branch of the fratry of Харючи. (Tereščenko 2003: 772; Chomič 1976: 109) m.fl. Wanoità, See [Вануйти] äfven en stor ätt, som sönder- faller i 3ne[trenne] grenar, bland hvilka tvenne bära namnet Jabtik Ябтик, fe. Ябтийʹ, Ябтикыʹ (Tereščenko 2003: 824) och Puiku. Пуйко, fe. Пуйкоиʹ, Пуйкуйʹ. According to Chomič, Пуйко is a branch of the fratry of Вануйто (Tereščenko 2003: 487; Chomič 1976: 107) Jiesangы Езыннгы, Еснгы, fe. Еснгыʹ. According to Chomič, the family has Ostyak, in other words Khanty, background. (Tereščenko 2003: 109–110; Chomič 1976: 104) Lamdo Ламдо, fe. Ламдойʹ. According to Chomič, Ламдо is a branch of the fratry of Вануйто (Tereščenko 2003: 174–175; Chomič 1976: 104) Taemeä. Тэ мяʹʹ, Тэмя, fe. Тэмядыʹ, Тэмядэйʹ. According to Chomič, Тэ мяʹʹ is a branch of the fratry of Вануйто (Tereščenko 2003: 684, 689; Chomič 1976: 109) Wanuita I. Paenjaangы (upper), in the Urals, left bank of the Ob Harjuci, a large clan, which is divided into branches, such as the Tusida, Seera deta, Hoorilie, etc. Wanoità, also a large clan, which is divided into three branches, among which two bear the names Jabtik and Puiku. Jiesangы Lamdo Taemeä. Wanuita II. Tasinjaangы TN тасиʹ яңгы ʻthose who live on the lowlands’ corresponds to the Russian expression nizovye ‘lower’. They both refer to Nenets living on the lowlands of the Rivers Nadym, Taz, and Pur and the shores of the Taz Gulf up to the River Yenisei. (Alekseev (ed.) 2010: 242, 311). See [paenjaangy]; [nizovye]. (Nisovie), höger om Ob Harjuci See [Harjuchi] , sonderfaller i ätter grenar, af hvilka en bär det särk[ildta]. namnet af Japtongae. Ябтоңэ, Яптунай, Яптуне, fe. Ябтойʹ. According to Chomič, Ябтоңэ is a branch of the fratry of Харючи. (Tereščenko 2003: 824; Chomič 1976: 104) Anu ~Garjuci Ңаноʹ Харючи, Анагуричи. According to Chomič, Ңаноʹ Харючи is a branch of the fratry of Харючи (Tereščenko 2003: 384; Chomič 1976: 106) (Juhu-peeliko Ostj[akiska].), sönderfalla i 3 afd[elningar]., nomadiserande vid Poluj. The River Poluj flows into the River Obʹ 291 km from its mouth. GVR Nienjang-Harjuci Неняңгʹ Харючи. According to Chomič, Неняңгʹ (Харючи) is a branch of the fratry of Харючи (Chomič 1976: 105) II. Tasinjaangы (lower), the right bank of the Ob Harjuci, divided into eight branches, of which one has the name Japtongae. Anu ~Garjuci (Juhu-peeliko in Ostyak), is divided into three branches, nomadising by the River Poluj. Nienjang-Harjuci the page is upside down
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Namn. For Nenets personal names, see Salminen 2007; Barmič 1980; Ljarskaja 2002; See [hedniska namn]. Names Togolouwa Labéä Sootma ~Aanibir Jaasi Maela Nanû Saadi Panzijuu Tiimbada Njoosie Jamsu Sjohori Sjobtie Piritseda Meli Njob Haida Wuemeä Mihli Miu Onorngaanä the page is upside down
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Jādnie Ядне, Ядня, fe. Ядныʹ. According to Chomič, Ядне is a branch of the fratry of Харючи (Chomič 1976: 110; Tereščenko 2003: 828) ~Adér, Ңадерʹʹ, Адер, fe. Ңадеройʹ. According to Chomič, Ңадерʹʹ is a branch of the fratry of Харючи. (Tereščenko 2003: 373; Chomič 1976: 106) hvaraf tvenne grenar. Seäradie Harjuci ?Сэръяда Харючи Tohé Тохо, Тохэʹʹ(с), fe. Тохэйʹ, Тохэсыʹ. According to Chomič, a branch of Вануйта. (Tereščenko 2003: 673; Chomič 1976: 108) ~Oidu Jar Яр, fe. Ярой. According to Chomič, a branch of Вануйта. (Chomič 1976: 110) Sjuhu(n)jej Сюхуней, Сюгней, Сюгуней, fe. Сюхунейʹ. According to Chomič, a branch of Харючи. (Tereščenko 2003: 593; Chomič 1976: 108) Peäseä Пясяʹʹ, fe. Пясядыʹ (Tereščenko 2003: 511) Wanuoitaᵋ See [Вануйти] Taasu ~Garjùci Тасуʹ Харючи (Tereščenko 2003: 640) Wanuita See [Вануйти] Jabtik Ябтик, fe. Ябтийʹ, Ябтикыʹ (Tereščenko 2003: 824) Hvarje ätt har sin родоначалникъ See notes [starschina] and [knjaz]. - den rikaste, äldste och klokaste i ätten. Antalet af somtlige родон[ачальников]. utgår 32. Enskilta gre- nar isamma ätt äkta ej hdra[hvarandra] i Obdorska volosten. (Lamki), Niitjú Laminska Samoj[eder]. (20 skattb[etalande].?) Jevs'i, Samarowska. (10 skattb[etalande].) Jādnie ~Adér, divided into two branches. Seäradie Harjuci Tohé ~Oidu Jar Sjuhujej Peäseä Wanuoitaᵋ Taasu ~Garjùci Wanuita Jabtik Each clan has its own clan leader – he is the richest, oldest, and wisest in the family. There are 32 clan leaders. Members of the individual branches of the same clan cannot marry each other in the Obdorsk volost. (Lamki), Niitjú; Ljamin Samoyeds (20 taxpayers?) Jevs'i, Samarow [Samoyeds] (10 taxpayers) the page is upside down
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Samojeder och Ostjaker erkänna samma Ostjak=knäs, See [ostjak-knäs]. som dömmer och afgör smärre strider dem emellan, har uppsigt wid uppbörden af skatten, som uppbäres af Starschini wid den Obdorska marknaden. The Samoyeds and Ostyaks recognise the same Ostyak Prince, who acts as a judge and decides minor disputes among them and supervises the collection of the tax, which is collected by the leaders during the Obdorsk market. Desse starschini äro родоначалники, de utväljes inom samma ätt. Den rikaste och klokaste bland dem aflidnes slägtningar blifver starschina. See [starschina] and [knjaz]. These leaders are clan leaders; they are selected from within the clan. The richest and wisest of the deceased’s family becomes the leader. Man kan ej taga Nenets marriage follows exogamic principles, according to which certain families belong to the same group, which is why their members cannot marry each other. Castrén translated the TN еркар SW ‘ätt’, which translates as family; Russian researchers use the term fratrija, whereas the historical documents use the term plemja ‘tribe’, and the TN тэнз. In the mid-19th century, the Charjuči and Vanjuita clearly represented two separate exogamic groups. In addition, the Forest Nenets were considered to represent a community of their own. Still, it is known that, for example, the Nenets living in the European Arctic might marry each other, although they belonged to the Vanjujta community. Accordingly, the marriage contracts were made between different families, TN еркар. It is unclear exactly which social groups Castrén is referring to here. (Dolgich 1970: 53–64; Verbov 1939) sig hustru inom samma ätt. One cannot take a wife from within the same family. Samojeden kan taga Polygamy has often attracted the interest of travellers and researchers and is often described as a patriarchal practice lacking any rules, as Castrén does here. However, Chomič has noted that polygamy might have represented a solution to childlessness and a decrease in work resources in the family as a result of illness or age. Although the practice might cause tensions, it also requires the husband to solve the practicalities in such a way that each wife receives proper space and attention. The oldest of the wives has a special position in the family; she is called пюды, in contrast to таты, the term for the rest of the wives. (Chomič 1966: 156–158, 176–177) sig så många hustrur han behagar. Det vanligaste antalet är twå, högst tre. Efter hustruns eller mannens död måste enklingen och enkan sörja ett år. Efter moderns eller faderns död sörjer son och dotter två år. A Samoyed man can take as many wives as he pleases. The most common number is two, the highest three. After the death of the wife or husband, the widow or widower must mourn for one year. After the death of the mother or father, the son and daughter mourn for two years. Wid samma tillfälle kan man ej taga alla sina hustrur, utan hålla upp en tid. One cannot take all one’s wives on the same occasion, but has to wait for a while. Man kan En person kan taga till hustrur flere systrar, men tager ej gerna mer än två, eme- dan flere systrar ej lefva enstämmiga. One man can take several sisters as his wives, but it is not preferred to take more than two, because many sisters do not live in harmony. Twå bröder kunna ej taga äkta twå systrar äfven om bröderna eller systrarna voro af skilda hustrar. Ostjaker och Samojeder taga hustrur hos hdra[hvarandra] Two brothers cannot take two sisters as their wives even if the brothers or sisters were born of different wives. The Ostyaks and Samoyeds take wives from each other. Den aflidnes rikaste slägtningar underhålla enkan och barnen - underhåller. The richest relatives of the deceased maintain the widow and the children. Den som underhåller den aflidnes hustru och barn, tagar arfver vid barnens död skils- messa en del emot barnen. Ärv sönerna 2, delas egendomen i tre lotter. The one who takes care of the widow and children of the deceased inherits one part if the child divorces. If two sons inherit, the property is divided into three lots. Strider emellan ätten afgöras af knäsen eller <säljavtalens> enskilda stridigh[eter]. af sta[te]n. Disputes between clans are decided by the Prince <or some individual sale disputes> by the State. the page is upside down
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stamfurstes rättigheter the rights of the clan prince the page is upside down
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Månader: Several sources mention the Tundra Nenets names for the months. As noted by Golovnev, the Nenets months are not equal in length, but they rather relate to the sun on the one hand and events in nature and among the reindeer on the other. Additionally, there is considerable variation in the names of the months and their order, both regionally and in time. Golovnev ends up describing both the Tundra and Forest Nenets names for the months quite extensively. (Islavin 1847: 139–140; Schrenk 1848: 480–481; Golovnev 1995: 305–329) 1. Hanertsjuuluuwa jiirыы, TN ханерцeлова иры ʻthe month of the beginning of freezing’ (TaS, KL) Oktober, ifrån slutet af September, då elfvarna frysa 2. Paewudiej j, TN пэвдей ʻdarkness’. According to Tereščenko, нюдя пэвдей ʻsmall darkness’, roughly corresponds to November. (Tereščenko 2003: 501; Golovnev 1995: 319–321) (TaS, KL) den mörka, Oktober och halfva November 3. Aarka paaewudiej, TN арка пэвдей ʻgreat darkness’. According to Tereščenko, ңарка пэвдей, ʻbig darkness’ roughly corresponds to December. (Tereščenko 2003: 501; also Golovnev 1995: 319–321) (TaS, KL) halfva December - mycket mörk. 4. Limbi jirыы, According to Tereščenko (2003: 191), лимбя’ ирий, ʻeagles’ month’, roughly corresponds to January. See also лимби иры, ʻeagles’ month’, in Golovnev 1995: 324–325. (TaS, KL) halfva Januarii - då solen "lik en örn" höjer sig på fältet 5. Jaare jirыы, TN яра иры ʻthe month during which the sun turns from the thaw’, roughly corresponds to February. (Tereščenko 2003: 780; Golovnev 1995: 323–324) (TaS, KL) Januarii till hälften af Februari. "kall månad" 6. Siije|n[-]ts' s TN сие ниць (иры) ʻfalse calving’, roughly corresponds to April. (Golovnev 1995: 305–308; Tereščenko 2003: 147) (TaS, KL) Febr. och början af Mars. Siije, вретъ. Nits, рожденiе (вретъ ложное рожденiе, d.ä. ännu ej den rätta kalfningstiden. Om detta inträffas, är saken ej på rätt) 7. Njanaej nits, According to Tereščenko (2003: 147), ты” ниць ирий ʻthe month of proper calving’, roughly corresponds to May. See also ненэй’ ниць ʻproper calving’, in Golovnev 1995: 305–308. (TaS, KL) werklig kalfning. Mars. 8. Tыыtsa=pola̅na jirыы 8. Tыы́ sаpаdaana jirыы, TN тыʹ сападана иры ʻbirth of reindeer month’. According to Tereščenko (2003: 678), ты’ саполана ирий ʻthe month of an early birth of reindeer’ roughly corresponds to March and ты” сапо”лана ирий ʻthe month of the birth of reindeer’ roughly corresponds to April. (TaS, KL) Aprill, renarnes upphinningsmånad (d.ä. då alla renar hinna sappadaa) födas. 9. Sauwa jirыы, According to Tereščenko (2003: 147), саву’ ирий ʻthe month of the flooding of the rivers’ roughly corresponds to June. See also савоʹ иры ʻflood month’ in Golovnev 1995: 307. (TaS KL) Maj. 10. Wainuj j[irыы]., TN вэнуй иры. TN вэнуй ʻseason of the mass migration of fish’. According to Lehtisalo венуй иры ʻMonat im Frühsommerʻ (Lehtisalo 1956: 64) (RL, TaS, KL) Junii. Den första fisk som stiger uppför Ob kallas wainũj~gaale. 11. Taajieri j[irыы]., TN та’ еры иры ʻthe month of the middle of the summer’. According to Tereščenko (2003: 631), таңы ирий ʻsummer month’ roughly corresponds to July. See also таʹ еры иры in Golovnev 1995: 311–312. (TaS, KL) Juli, half sommarmidts månad. Midsommar-månad. 12. Niberju jirыы, ниберё” иры ʻmidges’ month’ roughly corresponds to July (Tereščenko 2003: 309; Golovnev 1995: 313). (TaS, KL) Augusti, då мозга (niberju) flyger (efter myggen) 13. Seälobui jirыы, According to Tereščenko (2003: 147), сельбя’ няңы ирий ʻthe month of the shedding of the fur from the horns’ roughly corresponds to September. See also селбуй иры in Golovnev 1995: 312–313. (TaS, KL) månaden, då huden i renhornet bortfaller (seälaa) Months: 1. Hanertsjuuluuwa jiirыы, from the end of September, when the streams freeze. 2. Paewudiej j, the dark, October and mid-November. 3. Aarka paaewudiej, mid-December – very dark. 4. Limbi jirыы, mid-January – when the sun rises over the terrain “like an eagle”. 5. Jaare jirыы, January until mid-February – “cold month”. 6. Siije nits', February and the beginning of March. Siije 'to lie'. Nits 'birth' (false calving, i.e. not yet the correct calving time. If this happens, it is not right). 7. Njanaej nits, actual calving, March. 8. Tыtsa = pola̅na jirыы. 8. Tыы́ sаpаdaana jirыы, April, the calving month of reindeer (i.e. when all reindeer have time to sappadaa 'to be born'). 9. Sauwa jirыы, May. 10. Wainuj jirыы, June. The first fish to ascend the Ob are called wainũj ~ gaale. 11. Taajieri jirыы, July, half-summer mid-month. Midsummer month. 12. Niberju jirыы, August, when black flies (niberju) flies (after mosquitoes). 13. Seälobui jirыы, the month when the skin of the reindeer antlers is shed (seälaa). the page is upside down
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Starcshin See [page 252]. Leader Om någon skjuter eller finner ett såradt eller redan dödadt djur, delas bytet emellan som skjutit eller sårat samt den, som funnit det. If someone shoots an animal or finds a wounded or already dead animal, the prey is divided between the one who shot or wounded it and the one who found it. En qvinna kan ock vara wittne och begå den vanliga eden: en broder kan jemväl wara wittne. Ett vittne är tillräckligt. A woman can also be a witness and swear the common oath; a brother can also be a witness. One witness is enough. Äldsta brudern aktas af de yngre, såsom fader. The eldest brother is respected by the younger ones as if he were the father. Egendomem delas jemt emellan sönerna. Property is divided equally between the sons. Kalym See [sig till hustru]. på Samoj. nie mir See [sig till hustru]. likaså hos Ostjj. Bride price is in Tundra Nenets nie mir as among the Ostyaks. Det händer bland Ostjaker, att en fästman löper undan med döttrarna sin brud emot fadrensvilja, eger fadren rätt att återfara sin dotter, men om hon framfödt barn, stadna de hos sin fader. It happens among the Ostyaks that if a groom runs away with his bride against the father’s will, the father has the right to have his daughter returned to him, but if she gave birth, they stay with their father. Nisenda puunjaje, TN нисянда пуня ʻafter father’ According to Tereščenko, TN хаевы ʻinheritance’. (Tereščenko 2003: 725) (TaS, KL) arf. Nisenda puunjaje ‘inheritance’ Utan kalym äktas alldrig, men betalningen kan följa två, tre år derefter. One never marries without bride price, but the payment can take place two or three years thereafter. Om någon betalat kalym, men dör innan han hun- nit gifta sig eller bruden dör, blir kalym åter- gäldad. Har bruden en annan syster, eger fästman- nen eller den nygifte rätt att äkta hans syster. En yngre broder aktar den äldres enka If someone paid bride price, but dies before the marriage or the bride dies, the bride price is returned. If the bride has a sister, the groom or the newlywed has the right to marry the sister. A younger brother respects the older brother’s widow. the page is upside down
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Tsilma, The following represents a list of the rivers in the Bolʹšezemelʹskaya tundra. The River Cilˈma flows into the Pečora from the left (west) at N65°26′33″ E52°5′41″. (KL, TS) 250 verst fr[ån]. Pustosersk Pustozersk is the former administrative centre of the European Arctic. See note [Pustozersk]. N67°32′11″ E52°35′11″ The Tsilma, 250 versts from Pustosersk Pischma, The Pižma flows into the Pečora from the left 419 km from its mouth. (TS) faller omkring 1 verst ofvanom i Ischma The River Ižma (Ru)/Izʹva (Komi) flows into the Pečora at Ustˈ-Ižma, N65°19′18″ E52°54′36″. (TS) (i Petschora), The Pečora flows into the Polar Sea at N68°13′4″ E54°13′58″. ett sund af Petschora The Pischma, falls around one verst up into the Ischma (in Petschora), straits of Petschora. Nierits The River Nerica flows into the Pečora at N65°20′56″ E52°45′43″. GVR (Нерицкая), äfven by, 5 verts från utl[opp]. Äfven andra små byar, omkr[ing]. 30 ofvanom Pischma. The Nierits (Nerickaja), also a village five versts from the mouth of the river. Also other small villages. Around 30 versts up from the Pischma. Ischemsk, 10 verst från Nierits = 40 från Tsilma alla falla i Petschora från v[änstra]. sida. The Ischemsk, 10 versts from the Nierits = 40 [versts] from the Tsilma. They all fall into the Petschora from the left side. Nedanom Ischemska volosten floden: Siebisch The River Sèbysʹ (Sebysʹ, Tobyš) flows into the Ižma. GVR (Тобишь) - faller i Ischma från östra sidan - 2> omkring 200 verst lång - mkt[mycket] krokig - farbar med båtar. Lower in the Ischemsk volost, there is a river called the Siebisch (Tobišʹ) – it flows into the Ischma from the eastern side; around 200 versts long, very winding, navigable with a boat. Petschora, ifrån Ust-Ischma åt NO 10 verst högre om byn Praskan böjer sig Petsch[ora] <--> åt söder The Petschora, from Ust-Ischma to the north-east to the right of the village of Praskan, the Petschora turns <--> to the south. *Pjutscha, The River Pyča flows into the Revun-Šar. GVR *Lapjuga, The Lapʹjuga-Šar flows into the Pečora. GVR *Borovej Possibly the River Borovaya. GVR från högra sidan F. <--> * Tschjuljej, The River Čulej flows into the River Pečora. ifrån norra sidan *The Pjutscha,*the Lapjuga,*the Borovej from the right side <--> *the Tschjuljej, from the northern side. Dvojnik The River Nižnij Dvojnik flows into the River Pečora. GVR ifrån norra sidan Чарка, The River Čarkaju. GVR från norr Mutnej, The River Mutnaja flows into the River Cilʹma. från norr Lebed The River Lebedʹ. GVR (Jusja) från norr. Laja The River Laja Oo. GVR Oo stor lång flod endast farbar Денизовка The River Denisovka flows into the River Pečora. GVR Andruзckkina, The River Andrjuškina flows into the Pečora. GVR från norr. Uusa The Usa flows into the Pečora west of Kolva, at N65°57′54″ E56°56′2″. (TS) Kolwa The Kolva flows into the Usa from the right (north) at N65°55′31″ E57°19′9″. (TS) The Dvojnik, from the northern side. The Čarka, from the north. The Mutnej, from the north. The Lebed (Jusja), from the north. The Laja Oo, a large, long river that is well navigable. The Denizovka Oo The Andrizskkina, from the north. The Uusa The Kolwa
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Till Uusa falla Черная The River Černaja flows into the Barents Sea at N68°36ʹ44ʹʹ E56°35ʹ22ʹʹ. (Tschud ju) från norr. Sыnja, The Bol’šaja Synja, flowing into the Usa from the left (south) at N65°58′20″ E58°1′16″. (TS) från norr. Ольховая, The River Olʹchovej (Olʹchovaja) flows into the River Usa. GVR från norr. 2. Makarika, The River Bolʹšaja Makaricha flows into the River Usa. GVR från norr 1. Scharju, Possibly the River Bolʹšaja Usa (Sart-ju). GVR fl.[flod] från söder Заостронный, The River Zaostrennaja flows into the River Usa. GVR från söder Хырморъ, TN Хирмор or Хырмор (Komi Adzˈva) flows into the Usa from the right (north) at N66°35′16″ E59°21′49″. (TS, KL) fr[ån]. norr The following rivers flow into the Uusa: The Černaja (Tschud ju), from the north. The Sыnja, from the north. The Olʹchovaja, from the north. 2. The Makarika, from the north. 1. The River Scharju, from the south. The Zaostronnyj, from the South. The Chyrmorʹʹ, from the north Xaruta The River Charuta-Ju flows into the River Adzʹva. GVR från öster 40 fr[ån] <--> E. Хаседа*, The River Chaseda-Ju flows into the River Adzʹva. GVR «Xosjeda utgör hällften af Хыrmor.» fr[ån] vester, 7 verst <-> Nierju ju, The River Neru-Ju flows into the River Adzʹva. GVR fr[ån] vester, 60 fr[ån] <--> Njadaei-jaga, The River Bolʹšaja Njadejta flows into the River Adzʹva. GVR fr[ån] öster, 60 nordlig The Charuta from the east 40 [versts] from <--> The Chaseda, «The Xosjeda is half the size of Хыrmor.» from the west, 7 versts <-> The Nierju ju, from the west, 60 [versts] from <--> The Njadaei-jaga, from the east, 60 northern * Adak The River Bolʹšaja Adakʹju flows into the River Usa. GVR (2), bäck, fr. den ena från norr, den andra fr[ån]. vester - midt emot hdra[hvarandra]. 15 verst norr. Поварница, The River Povarnica flows into the River Usa. GVR 30 v[erst] fr[ån] Adak från söder Kosja, The Kosʹju, flowing into the Usa from the left (south) at N66°17′51″ E59°52′55″. Its headwaters are situated in the Urals. (TS) den största - halfva Uusa - från söder. mycket djup - klart vatten. Faller från <Uusa>. Bottnet synligt gl[genom] 4 famnar. Biflod: Кожимъ. The River Kožim flows into the Kosʹju. GVR Kocmes, The River Bolʹšoj Kocmes flows into the Usa. GVR 10 v[erst] fr[ån] Kosja Хузморъ The Rogovaja or Verchnjaja Rogovaja or Bolʹšaja Rogovaja flows into the Usa from the right (north) at N66°30′13″ E60°37′1″. (TS) (2)= Rögowej. den nedre liten, den öfre stor, större än Хырмор. Ольховая, 45 från Хузм. från norr. Ljomwa, The Lemva (Lëmva) flows into the Usa from the left (south) at N66°30′15″ E61°59′24″. (TS) mkt[mycket] stor-klart vatten. <--> falla. The *Adak (2), brook, only one from the north, another from the west – opposite each other. 15 versts from the north. The Povarnica, 30 versts from Adak from the south. The Kosja, the largest – half of the Uusa – from the south. Extremely deep, clear water. Flows from the Uusa. Visibility to the bottom four fathoms. Tributary: the Kožimʹʹ. The Kocmes, 10 versts from the Kosja. The Chuzmorʹʹ (2)= Rögowej. The lower is small, the upper large, larger than the Chyrmor. The Olʹchovaja, 45 [versts] from the Chyzmorʹʹ, from the north. The Ljomwa, extremely large, clear water. .. <--> flows into [missing].
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Юняга The River Jun-Jaga flows into the River Lemva. GVR från öster fr[ån] Ural Pagajaga The River Paga flows into the River Lemva. GVR från öster fr[ån] Ural Харута The River Charuta flows into the Lemva. GVR från öster fr[ån] Ural The Junjaga from the east, from the Urals. The Pagajaga from the east, from the Urals. The Charuta from the east, from the Urals. *Köbla=ju, The River Kebyla-ju flows into the Usa. GVR 60 verst fr[ån] Ljomva. fr[ån] öster. *Sjad=jaga, The River Sjad-Jaga flows into the Usa. GVR 35 fr[ån] Koblaju, fr[ån] norr. Sjojda, The River Sjoida flows into the Usa. GVR 6 verst från Sjadj[aga]. Köчpel, The River Kjočʹ-Pelʹ flows into the Usa. GVR 20 verst fr[ån] Sjoida Worchota i tvenne grenar. 10 [verst] från Köчpel, mkt[mycket] lång - kommer rakt från norr från tundran (ej Ural) Jielets, The River Jelec flows into the Usa. GVR 25 [verst] fr[ån] Worch[ota]. The River Vorkuta flows into the Usa. GVR fr[ån] Öster. The *Köbla=ju, 60 versts from the Ljomva, from the east. The *Sjad=jaga, 35 versts from the Koblaju, from the north. The Sjojda, 6 versts from the Sjadj[aga]. The Köčrel, 20 versts from the Sjoida The Worchota has two branches. 10 [versts] from the Köčrel, very long, comes straight from the north, from the tundra (not from the Ural Mountains) The Jielets, 25 [versts] from the Worch[ota], from the east.
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Häebide puedara. Хэбидя пэдара ʻSacred woods’. A spruce forest and river with the same name in the Bolʹšezemelʹskaja tundra. Currently, the River More-Ju flows into Xajpudyr Bay in the Barents Sea at N68°18′58″ E59°40′58″ GVR (Schrenk 1848: 313–314) Черная. vester härom Urier Urdožskoe ozero at N67°14′11″ E50°10′17″. (TS) Малый камень Malyj kamenʹ (TN Нëляко пай) njuoljiko pae. Korotaika The River Korotaicha flows into the Pečora Sea. According to Schrenk, it is called “jadájjagha, d.i. abschüssiger Fluss [Ядайяга (Покатая река)]” in Tundra Nenets. TN едëй ʻslope’. (Schrenk 1848: 330; Šrenk 2009: 225) (TaS, KL) GVR Ojo The River Malaja Oju discharges into the Jugorskij Šar. Häebide puedara. The Černaja. to the west from here Urier Malyj kamenʹ ‘njuoljiko pae’. The Korotaika The Ojo
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470 v[erst] till Tomsk Tomsk is situated on the River Tom at N56°29′19″ E84°57′08″. Founded at the beginning of the 17th century, the town quickly became an important point of trade and transit further east to Siberia. At the beginning of the 19th century, Tomsk became the administrative centre of the Governorate of Tomsk, consisting roughly of south-western Siberia. (Gubernii Rossijskoj imperii: 305) 525 v[erst] till Krasnojarsk Krasnojarsk is situated on the Yenisei at N56°0′28″ E92°51′32″. From 1822 onwards, it was the administrative centre of the Governorate of Enisejsk and had ca. 7000 inhabitants in 1840. (Gubernii Rossijskoj imperii: 110; Statističeskija tablicy: 12) (TS) 317 till Jenis[ei] The Yenisei flows into the Kara Sea at N71°49′46″ E82°42′57″. (TS) 470 versts to Tomsk 525 versts to Krasnojarsk 317 versts to the Yenis[ei] Чежабка. The River Čižapka flows into the River Vasjugan. GVR Sam[ojediska] ᵔCȃs̑ap=kî ᵔCeshapka (Wai-jogan), 100 verst ifrån mynningen af Wasjugans The River Vasjugan flows into the River Obʹ. GVR mynning. Upprinner liksom Wasjugan på Ba- rabanska kärren. Wid denna flod bo Narymska Narym Samoyed refers to a regional community of the Selkups. See [225-]. Samojeder. Flo- den är endast bebodd vid den södra delen. Den norra besökes blott af jägare. (Wasjugan är bebodd ända till sina yttersta källor. The Čeržabka. In Samoyed ᵔCȃs̑ap=kî The ᵔCeshapka (Wai-jogan), 100 versts from the mouth of the Wasjugan. Its source, like the source of the Wasjugan, is in the Baraban bogland. The Narym Samoyed live by this river. There is settlement only in the southern part of the river. Only hunters visit the northern part. (There is settlement by the Wasjugan up to its furthest sources.) Xalat The River Salat flows into the Čižapka. GVR Salát 50 verst norr om mynningen af Çiȇ. - bebodd af Wasjug[anska] Ostjj.[Ostjaker] Båda falla ifrån högra sidan. Ofven ifrån samma sida. The Xalat (Salát), 50 versts to the north from the mouth of af Çiȇ. – populated by Wasjugan Ostyaks. Both rivers fall from the right side. Njúrelka The River Njurolʹka flows into the Vasjugan. GVR (Sarang jach Ostj[akiska]) bebodd af Wasjug[anska] Ostjj.[Ostjaker], utgår ur en sjö kallad Emder-Toch. According to the State Water Register (Gosudarstvennyj vodnyj reestr), Lake Karaulovskoe discharges into the Njurelka. GVR 2. Purelka The River Purelʹka, mentioned by Bojaršinova (1960: 59) as a tributary of the Vasjugan. 1. Kvenelka The River Kvenelʹga, also mentioned by Bojaršinova (1960: 59) as a tributary of the Vasjugan. små floder ifrån Barab[anska] kärren. The Barapa plain or steppe is a lowland area situated between the Rivers Obʹ and Irtyš. The Njúrelka (Sarang jach in Ostyak) is populated by the Wasjugan Ostyaks. It originates from a lake called Emder-Toch. 2. The Purelka 1. The Kvenelka are small rivers from the Baraban boglands. Wasjugan,=(Elle=jogan Ostj[akiska] Elle, stor). Wargî, Samoj[ediska] (wark, stor) Söder om kyrkan finnas kor. Maloj Wasjugan 40? en dagsresa från Ob. The Wasjugan (Elle=jogan in Ostyak. Elle, ʻlarge’). The Wargî, Samoyed (wark, ʻlarge’) There are cattle south of the church. The Maloj Wasjugan 40? [versts], a day’s journey from the Ob. Obs. Wid Parabel The River Parabel’ flows into the Obʹ. GVR bo äfven Samojj.[Samojeder]. NB: There are also Samoyeds living by the River Parabel.
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Kaaᵔal kî, The Tym flows into the Obˈ from the right (north) at N59°25′55″ E80°1′40″. (TS). GVR Tym, Kaal=kî l.[eller] köng (ifr[ån] F[inska] köngäs) Harne-Käragal-kî, The River Parabel’ flows into the Obʹ. GVR Parabel rinner fr[ån] Barabinzer=kärren The Barapa plain or steppe is a lowland area situated between the Rivers Obʹ and Irtyš. emedan här finnes en Rysk by wid mynningen kld[kallad] Harne=kara, kräk=by. The Kaaᵔal kî, Tym, Kaal=kî or köng (from the Finnish köngäs) The Harne-Käragal-kî, the Parabel flows from the Baraban boglands. Because, at the mouth of the river, there is a Russian village called Harpe=kara, kräk=village. Narym, Possibly the Narym-Ega, which flows into the River Kamčinskaja. GVR rinner ifrån Pajdugina, The River Pajdugina flows into the Ketʹ. GVR som utfaller i Ket. The Ketˈ (SE Қыыт) flows into the Obˈ from the right (south-east) at N58°53′56″ E81°33′30″. GVR (TS) Narym är 5 verst lång. Kallas protoka, emedan den efterhand utvidgat sig. The Narym runs from the Pajdugina, which flows into the Ket. The Narym is 5 versts long. It is called protoka, because it becomes broader later. Ket, utfaller i Ob vid sjelfva Narym. Narym is situated on the River Obˈ at N58°55′25″ E81°35′21″. (TS) 50 verst uppför sedan täta Ryska byar - sedan blott Ostj[akisk] Maksimkin Jar Maksimkin Jar is situated at N58°40′44″ E86°49′12″. omkr[ing] 500 verst fr[ån] Narym med kyrka och några Ostj[aker] - Ej Ryssar. Låga stränder öfverframmas berg på högra sidan - moar - byarna på sida. En oändl[ig] mgd[mängd] små bifloder. De största 1) Lieitsa (Lokkesk), ifrån norra (Timska) sidan), faller i Ket i nedra loppet. 2) Orlow, The River Orlovka flows into the Ketʹ. GVR från samma sida, hitom Maksimkin, 3) Озерская The River Ozernaja flows into the Ketʹ. GVR (Kal=do) straxt ofvanom Maks[imkin], ifr[ån] norra The Ket falls into the Ob by Narym itself. 50 versts up the river there is a large Russian village– after that, only the Ostyak [settlement of] Maksimkin. The Jar is around 500 versts from Narym with a church and some Ostyaks – no Russians. Low banks, framed with mountains on the right side – moors – villages on the side. Endless numbers of small tributaries. The largest are 1) the Lieitsa (Lokkesk), from the northern (Tim) side, which flows into the Ket along its lower course; 2) the Orlow, from the same side. Maksimkin on this side; 3) the Ozerskaja (Kal=do), immediately after Maksimkin, from the northern side. ᵔCúp, Russ. Чусак, en biflod, som från venstra sidan faller i Parabel. Köng, lägre ned, från högra sidan. ᵔCág (Малый и болшiй) falla i ᵔCup. The ᵔCúp, in Russian Čusak, a tributary that flows into the Parabel from its left side. The Köng, lower, from the right side. The ᵔCág (Malyj and Bolšij) flows into the ᵔCup.
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Du mitt god, This is a translation of a Komi wedding lament. See Castrén 2019: 495–499. min hulda fader Samla ätter, dubbla stammar Red en aftonvard, förträfflig Tillred så en präktig måltid Gif åt dem en präktig måltid Gör et gladt och muntert gästbud Red ett fröjdrikt bord i stugan Gyllne bord med ceder skifva Bred en prydlig duk på bordet Rada derpå sockenråder. Ref. o. Forskn. T:260. You, my god, my merciful father Collect clans, double tribes Give them a wonderful meal Make a happy and cheerful feast Prepare a joyous table in the cottage Golden table with a share of cedar Spread a neat tablecloth on the table Then line up the parish councils. Ref. o. Forskn. T:260.
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Bolshesemelska Samojeder 1. Tisii Тысъя. One of the six main branches of the European Nenets families (Dolgich 1970: 9–10; Chomič 1976: 108). See also [Вануйти]. 2. Nogotisii Nogotysij. Corresponds to TN Нохо’ Тысъя, fe. Нохоʹ Тысъиʹ; also Ноготысыи. A branch of the Тысъя family (Dolgich 1970: 9–10; Chomič 1976: 105; Tereščenko 2003: 683). 3. Lahei Лахэй. Also Логей, Лэхэй, Лэхэци, Лагейской. Corresponds to the TN family Лэхэ fe. Лэхэй. (Chomič 1966: 151; Chomič 1976: 105; Tereščenko 2003: 170, 206) 4. Wuiutschii TN family Выуци or Вууци corresponds to the contemporary Russianised family name Выйчейской (Chomič 1966: 151; Chomič 1976: 103; Tereščenko 2003: 63). qvinnor women 14 17 25 22 16 8 21 27 12 23 27 24 11 22 9 11 17 23 12 18 9 18 16 20 15 14 19 21 23 35 23 13 24 11 13 12 22 24 15 21 9 [totalt] [total] 176 84 Mankön skattebetalande Male taxpayers 314 182 345 93
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Name Family Name Family Ацелю Юндоминъ Acelju Jundomin'' Лава Lava Пирчико Pirčiko Тебелома Tebeloma Ныгара Nygara Хазаватко Chazavatko
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verst versts Ifrån From Hfors till to Torneå genom Åbo Torneå via Åbo 1165 Ifrån From Torneå till to Rovaniemi 125 Ifrån From Rovaniemi kyrka Rovaniemi village centre till to Wikajärvi 22½ Ifrån From Wikajärvi till to Pirttijärvi 17½ Till To Misijärvi 12½ Till To Ruopsa 25 Till To Lahdenperä 10 Till To Kemiträsk kyrka Kemiträsk village centre 5 Till To Puikkola 7½ Till To Karsa 25 Till To Salmijärvi 10 Till To Märkäjärvi 7½ Till To Atsingi 15 Till To Salla 15 Till To Nousu 20 20 25 Till To Kuosku do 20 10 Till To Savukoski do 20 10 Till To Wäriö do 30 15 Till To Tanhua do 30 15 Till To Lokka 50 gamla 50 old 25 Till To Korwanen 30 gamla 30 old 20 Till To Enare kyrka Enare village centre 180 Till To Karasjoki kyrka Karasjoki village centre 160 Retour Back 160 Fram och tillbaka There and back till en to a fjällby tundra village 90 Ifrån From Enare genom Patsjoki Enare via Patsjoki till to Ryska byn Siinniel Russian village of Siinniel 180 Ifrån From Siinniel till to Kola 150 2602½ Ifrån From Kola till to Kilsiskgsk 20 Retour 20 Ifrån From Kola till to Kitsa (Kjeddjam) Кица, stans Kitsa (Kjeddjam) Kica 30 Till To Воронеручевской (Angesvaare) Voroneručevskoj (Angesvaare) 22 Till To Maasesid (Maanselkä) by 22 (Áiverjáur=Imandra) Till To Раснавологъ (Rasnjarg) Rasnavologʹʹ (Rasnjarg) 35 Till To Вороньеозерской (Rik.suolo, F. Rik-hataiväl) Voronʹeozerskoj (Rik.suolo, F. Rik-hataiväl) 15 Итртек (Osäll) Itrtek (Osäll) Till To Ekostroff (´Cuk-Suolo) 35 Till To Зажеика (Nieske) Zažeika (Nieske) 30 Till To Kandalaks 30 Till To Кенза (Näsä) Kenza (Näsä) 30 Till To Kouta 30 Till To Чернорека (Mustajoki) Černoreka (Mustajoki) 21 Kemska kretsen: Kem district: Бекозеро (Vehkajärvi) Bekozero (Vehkajärvi) 14 Puolimaa eller Typykkä Puolimaa or Typykkä by, 3 gårdar village, 3 houses 8 Kälkäjärvi eller Pajari (Bojarskoi) Kälkäjärvi or Pajari (Bojarskoi) 8 gårdar 8 houses 18 Sarviniemi eller Pulteri (Булдерской), Sarviniemi or Pulteri (Bulderskoj), by village 22 Pilsijärvi by village 12 Kakara, liten by small village 17 Ponkama, stor Rysk by big Russian village 40 Kesäjoki större Rysk by larger Russian village 28 Kem 22 Ifrån From Kem till to Solovetskoj 60 Ifrån From Solovets[koj]. till to Anser och Golgof 25 Retour Back 25 Ifrån From Solovetsk[oj]. till to Durakov 80 Till To Archangelsk 252 Terska kusten Ter seaside 200 Ifrån From Archangel till to Kolmogor 72 Till To Pinega 135 Till To Mesen 142 Fram och åter till There and back Somsja 80 Till To Somsja 40 Till To Mgla 40 Till To Nes 20 Till To Wisas 60 Till To Oma 30 Till To Snopa 30 Till To Pjosja нижное жиле 40 Till To Pjosja kyrka 20 Till To Narhnoj S. 20 Till To Indiga 150 Till To Sula 80 Till To Wiska 45 Till To Pustosersk 40 Till To Telviska 20 Till To Nikitsa 17 Ifrån From Nikitsa till to Pustosersk 37 Ifrån From Pustosersk till to Wiska 45 Ifrån From Wiska till to Ustzilma 210 Ifrån From Ustzilma till to Ischma 100 Ifrån From Ischma till to Kolva 400 (vägen går öfver Krasnobor, Ust- Ischemsk, Kytschkara och andra smärre byar.) (The road goes through Krasnobor, Ust-Ischemsk, Kytschkara, and other smaller villages.)