The hare, the horse and the elk

.
(16-1)   
pulun-de:     terikE-dE-n'E     irk-i-n-n'o:     modo-l'El-Ni.    
old.man-DIM   old.woman-3-COM   one-0-ATTR-COM   sit-EV-3PL  

There was an old man and an old woman.


.
(16-2)   
ja:-d     adO:-n'E-Ni.    
three-ATTR   son-PROPR-3PL  

They had three sons.


.
(16-3)   
ja:-d     adO:-n'E-t     ta:-t     {promISl'aj}-t     unuN     jomul-gE    
three-ATTR   son-PROPR-SS.IMPF   there-ADV.ABL   provide-SS.IMPF   river   upper.reach-LOC  
qon-u-t     qon-u-ji:-t     unuN     aNil'-pE     laNi-n     ta:-t    
go-0-SS.IMPF   go-0-ITER-SS.IMPF   river   opening-PL   to-ADV.LAT   there-ADV.ABL  
ej-rE-t     tittE     O:r-pE-pul-gElE     c'om-mu-ZE-Na:.    
walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF   they.GEN   child-PL-PL-ACC   big-INCH-TR-TR.3PL  

They had three sons. They went hunting on the riverheads and on the river mouths and brought up their children.


.
(16-4)   
O:r-pE-pul     n'E-leme-de:     El=uj-nu-l'El-Ni.    
child-PL-PL   NEG-what-DIM   NEG-do-IMPF-EV-3PL  

The children did not do anything.


.
(16-5)   
{promISl'aj}-t     d'e:tEGE     n'E-leme     El={promISl'aj}-nu-l'El-Ni.    
provide-SS.IMPF   still   NEG-what   NEG-provide-IMPF-EV-3PL  

When they went hunting, they did not catch anything.


.
(16-6)   
ta-N     pulun-de:     terike:-de:-n'E     c'O:tE     ej-rE-t     tittE    
that-ATTR   old.man-DIM   old.woman-DIM-COM   always   walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF   they.GEN  
O:r-pE-gElE     leg-i-tE-t     tittE     sa:m     d'e:tEGE     c'e:d'E-mE    
child-PL-ACC   eat-0-TR-SS.IMPF   they.GEN   self   still   winter-TEMP  
leg-o:-tE-j     legul-pE-gi     n'E-leme     Ojl'e:.    
eat-RES-FUT-IMPF.PART   food-PL-3   NEG-what   no  

That old man and old woman were always busy feeding their children, but they themselves didn't have any food to eat in winter.


.
(16-7)   
leN-d-o:l'-i-t     moda:-nu-l'El-Ni     i:lE-mE-dE.    
eat-INTR-DES-0-SS.IMPF   sit-IMPF-EV-3PL   other-TEMP-INDEF  

Sometimes they starved.


.
(16-8)   
d'E     ta:-t     irk-i-d'E     pulun-de:     terike:-de:-n'E     mol-l'El,    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   one-0-FREQ   old.man-DIM   old.woman-DIM-COM   say-EV  
n'i:d'i:-llE     d'E     mol-l'El-Ni,     mit     O:r-pE-pE     tittE    
tell-SS.PERF   DP   say-EV-3PL   we   child-PL-PL   they.GEN  
sa:m     ej-rE-Ni-k-kE-n.    
self   walk-NONIT-PL-IMP-HORT-3  

So one day the old man and the old woman talked and said: "Let our children live on their own.


.
(16-9)   
mit     id'e:     tittE-l     El=ej-rE-S-t-i:li.    
we   alone   they-NOM   NEG-walk-NONIT-CAUS-FUT-1PL  

We won't support them."


.
(16-10)   
titt-i-n     mon,     m=es'e:-pE-gi     o:-d'Ek     omon,     terike:-de:    
they-0-DAT   say   AFF-father-PL-3   be-2SG   just   old.woman-DIM  
mol-l'El.    
say-EV  

"You tell them, you are their father," said the old woman.


.
(16-11)   
d'E     terike:-de:     tittE     O:r-pE-pul-gElE     ed-e:-s'-tEllE     mol-l'El,    
DP   old.woman-DIM   they.GEN   child-PL-PL-ACC   call-TR-ITER-SS.PERF   say-EV  
d'E     tit     es'e:-Nin     qoN-Ni-gE-k.    
DP   you.PL   father-DAT   go-PL-HORT-2SG  

The old woman called her children and said: "Go to your father.


.
(16-12)   
tit     es'e:     tit-kElE     l'E-m     mon-u-t     n'e:-m,    
you.PL   father   you.PL-ACC   be-TR.3SG   say-0-SS.IMPF   call-TR.3SG  
n'i:d'i:-t-i.    
tell-FUT-3SG  

Your father is calling you. We shall talk."


.
(16-13)   
d'E     c'omm-o:-l     {samIj}     c'omm-o:-l     adO:-pE-gi     c'olGErE    
DP   big-V-AN   most   big-V-AN   son-PL-3   hare  
mon-u-t     n'e:-n'e:-l'El.    
say-0-SS.IMPF   call-PROPR-EV  

The elder son was called Hare.

Comment:
The word monut here functions as a postposition.


.
(16-14)   
Ord'-o:-l     adO:-gi     jaqa-d-a:s'E     mon-u-t     n'e:-n'e:-l'El.    
middle-V-AN   son-3   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   say-0-SS.IMPF   call-PROPR-EV  

The middle son was called Horse.

Comment:
The word monut here functions as a postposition.


.
(16-15)   
juk-o:-l-bEn-pE-gi     {samIj}     c'omo:lbEn     mon-u-t     n'e:-n'e:-l'El.    
small-V-AN-N-PL-3   most   elk   say-0-SS.IMPF   call-PROPR-EV  

The younger son was called Elk.

Comment:
The word monut here functions as a postposition.


.
(16-16)   
d'E     ta:-t     an-da:     tit     id'e:     l'E-gE    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   PRON-there   you.PL   alone   be-LOC  
unuN     jaGil-gE     ta:-t     pOn'-o:-Ni-k,     jo:bi:-gEn     ta:    
river   edge-LOC   there-ADV.ABL   put-RES-PL-IMP   forest-PROL   there  
an-da:     l'E-pul     me:stE-pul     e-di-N     me:stE-pul-gEn     ej-rE-t    
PRON-there   be-PL   place-PL   PRON-this-ATTR   place-PL-PROL   walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF  
ti:     leg-o:-tE-j-bEn-pE     c'om-mu-jmEt,     leg-o:-tE-j-bEn     tit     sa:m    
here   eat-RES-FUT-IMPF.PART-N-PL   big-INCH-2PL   eat-RES-FUT-IMPF.PART-N   you.PL   self  
nuN-Ni-k.    
find-PL-IMP  

"Well, stay here on your own on the bank of the lake. You will grow up while walking around in the forest, looking for food and eating it. Find your food yourself."


.
(16-17)   
ta:-t     mon-dEllE     d'E     terike:-de:     pulut-n'E     a:-n'E-t    
there-ADV.ABL   say-SS.PERF   DP   old.woman-DIM   old.man-COM   make-PROPR-SS.IMPF  
keb-ej-l'El-Ni.    
leave-PERF-EV-3PL  

The old man and the old woman said that and left carrying the sledge.

Comment:
The verb a:n'E- literally means 'to pull', here it refers to pulling a sledge.


.
(16-18)   
qa-NidE     keb-ej-l'El-Ni,     tO:n     O:r-pE-p-ki     qojt     El=qame:-Ni    
what-ADV.DIR   leave-PERF-EV-3PL   that   child-PL-PL-3   how   NEG-help-PL  
Subed'E-p-tE     Ojl'E-gEt.    
heart-PL-3   no-ABL  

They went somewhere. Why didn't they help those children? They didn't have the heart.


.
(16-19)   
d'E     ta:-t     jal-o:-t     pOn'-o:-dEllE     leN-d-o:l'-i-t     [qodo]    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   three-V-SS.IMPF   put-RES-SS.PERF   eat-INTR-DES-0-SS.IMPF   how  
leN-d-o:l'-i-t     irk-i-d'E     d'e:tEGE     an-da:     c'olGErE     d'e:tEGE    
eat-INTR-DES-0-SS.IMPF   one-0-FREQ   still   PRON-there   hare   still  
n'anmE-lEk     pad-e:-l'-e:-l'El-mElE,     tamun     jO:-t     oG-o:-t     c'omo:lbEn    
willow-PRED   put-TR-0-INCH-EV-OF.3SG   that   see-SS.IMPF   stand-RES-SS.IMPF   elk  
aj     leg-e:-l'-e:-l'El-u-m,     jaqa-d-a:s'E     aj.    
also   eat-TR-0-INCH-EV-0-TR.3SG   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   also  

So three of them stayed. Should they starve? Once Hare felt hungry and cooked a willow tree. Elk saw that, stood up and began eating it, and so did Horse.


.
(16-20)   
d'E     ta:-t     jaqa-d-a:s'E     d'e:tEGE     n'anmE-lE     ...    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   still   willow-ACC   ...  
er-u:-l'El     mon-dEllE     unuN     ejmi-n     c'aG-a:-dEllE     jalGi-n    
bad-INTR-EV   say-SS.PERF   river   other.side-ADV.LAT   cut-INCH-SS.PERF   lake-GEN  
pujlE-gE     ...     jaqa-dEllE     ta:     ul'egE-lEk     qartE-dE    
channel-LOC   ...   reach-SS.PERF   there   grass-PRED   divide-SS.ITER  
lem-mElE.    
eat-OF.3SG  

But Horse said that the willow was not good to eat. He crossed the river, reached a small lake river, and started gathering the grass there and eating it.


.
(16-21)   
c'omo:lbEn     d'E     d'e:tEGE     tamun     jO:-dEllE     qartE-t    
elk   DP   still   that   see-SS.PERF   divide-SS.IMPF  
aj     leN-d-e:-j.    
also   eat-INTR-INCH-3SG  

Elk saw that and also started gathering and eating it.


.
(16-22)   
tamun     d'e:tEGE     mure-gi     ataq-u-n     je:r-n'e:-l'El,     noj-gi    
that   still   shoes-3   two-0-ATTR   fork-PROPR-EV   leg-3  
qoqs'il'-gi     o:-l'El     ataq-u-n,     ataq-u-n     je:r-n'e:-l'El.    
hoof-3   be-EV   two-0-ATTR   two-0-ATTR   fork-PROPR-EV  

That is why his feet split in two and his hooves also split in two.


.
(16-23)   
qartE-din     tud-i-n     er-u:-l'El,     aj     Sileqa:n-n'E-j.    
divide-SUP   he-0-DAT   bad-INTR-EV   also   ?-PROPR-3SG  

It was bad for him to gather it. His legs were oblong.


.
(16-24)   
l'E-gi     mure-gi     jaqa-d-a:s'E     aj     d'e:tEGE     n'ajdEli-s',    
be-3   shoes-3   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   also   still   beautiful-3SG  
tude     sa:m     kerpe:-nu-m.    
he.GEN   self   sweep-IMPF-TR.3SG  

Horse had good legs. He raked it in himself.


.
(16-25)   
d'E     c'olGEra:-de:     d'e:tEGE     c'a:c'a:-pE-gi     OnmE-n-d'E     SoromE    
DP   hare-DIM   still   elder.brother-PL-3   mind-PROPR-IMPF.PART   man  
o:-nu-t     oG-o:-j,     n'anmE-d     i:s'E     qabur-u-t     ej-rE-j.    
be-IMPF-SS.IMPF   stand-RES-3SG   willow-GEN   point   hang-0-SS.IMPF   walk-NONIT-3SG  

And their elder brother Hare was a clever person. He could walk on top of swaying willow branches.

Comment:
In the hunters' language the hare and the willow ptarmigan were called 'the one who runs/walks/jumps on top of willow bushes', see (15-23).


.
(16-26)   
l'E-p-ki     emd'E-p-ki     SOjl-gE     ej-rE-Ni-dE-gE     d'E     c'olGEra:-de:    
be-PL-3   younger.sibling-PL-3   stone-LOC   walk-NONIT-PL-3-DS   DP   hare-DIM  
mon-i,     met     n'anmE     met     num-mE-bEd-Ek,     mol-l'El    
say-3SG   I   willow   I   find-PERF.PART.1/2SG-N-PRED   say-EV  
legul     o:-Zi:-t,     jaqa-d-a:s'E     mon-i,     met     l'E-lEk    
food   be-TR-SS.IMPF   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   say-3SG   I   be-PRED  
pukel'E     a:-t     l'E-lEk     num-mE.    
snow   under-ADV.ABL   be-PRED   find-OF.1/2SG  

When his younger brothers were walking on the stones, Hare said: "I have found some willows", and used them as food, and Horse said: "I have found something under the snow.


.
(16-27)   
ul'egE-lEk     num-mE     tamun     qartE-llE     leg-u-t.    
grass-PRED   find-OF.1/2SG   that   divide-SS.PERF   eat-0-SS.IMPF  

I found some grass, gathered it and ate it."


.
(16-28)   
d'E     d'E     e-di-N     c'omo:lbEn     d'e:tEGE     mon-i,    
DP   DP   PRON-this-ATTR   elk   still   say-3SG  
met     ul'egE     n'E     El=nu:-jE,     n'E     n'anmE    
I   grass   NEG   NEG-find-1SG   NEG   willow  
El=nu:-jE     kijen.    
NEG-find-1SG   no.way  

And Elk said: "I haven't found any willow or grass.


.
(16-29)   
d'E     kijen     El=nu:-jE,     met     sa:m     mo-d'E    
DP   no.way   NEG-find-1SG   I   self   say-1SG  
aNs'i:-ji:-t.    
search-PURP-SS.IMPF  

I haven't found anything at all. I will look for some."


.
(16-30)   
d'E     ta:-t     ti:-n     ta:-n     ej-rE-t     ej-rE-t    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   here-ADV.LOC   there-ADV.LOC   walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF   walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF  
l'EgE     ojdEGE     l'EgE,     ta:     pukel'o:d'E-lEk     nul'-l'El-mElE,    
DP   shallow.place   DP   there   young.willow-PRED   find-EV-OF.3SG  
n'anmE-k.    
willow-PRED  

He walked everywhere on the river banks and found some young willow trees.


.
(16-31)   
ta-N     pukel'o:d'E     n'anmE-lE     n'E     jaqa-d-a:s'E     n'E    
that-ATTR   young.willow   willow-ACC   NEG   Yakut-GEN-reindeer   NEG  
c'olGErE     El=lej-l'El.    
hare   NEG-eat-EV  

Neither Hare nor Horse had eaten these young willow trees.


.
(16-32)   
tamun     lek-tE     ej-rE-t     an-da:     {zapas}-Ek     a:-l'El-mElE.    
that   eat-SS.ITER   walk-NONIT-SS.IMPF   PRON-there   storage-PRED   make-EV-OF.3SG  

Elk was eating them as he walked around and made reserves of food from them.


.
(16-33)   
ta:-t     polo-d'i:-t     ta:-t     modo-l'El-Ni,     irk-i-d'E     d'e:tEGE    
there-ADV.ABL   be.out-ITER-SS.IMPF   there-ADV.ABL   sit-EV-3PL   one-0-FREQ   still  
{zapas}     a:-l-o:-dE-jlE     c'olGEra:-de:     min-dEllE     je:n     me:stE    
storage   make-0-RES-3-ACC   hare-DIM   take-SS.PERF   other   place  
laNi-n     eleji:-dEllE     an-da:     aGi-ta:-l'El-u-m.    
to-ADV.LAT   carry-SS.PERF   PRON-there   hide-TR-EV-0-TR.3SG  

So they lived like that, providing for themselves. But one day Hare took the stores Elk had laid up, carried them away and hid them somewhere else.


.
(16-34)   
d'E     tude     c'a:c'a:-pE-Nin     qon-dEllE     mol-l'El,     d'E    
DP   he.GEN   elder.brother-PL-DAT   go-SS.PERF   say-EV   DP  
met     legul-Ek     num-mE,     met     id'e:     id'i:    
I   food-PRED   find-OF.1/2SG   I   alone   now  
mot-tE-jE,     tit-kEt     keb-ej-din     mE=ke:-s'E     mon-u-t.    
sit-FUT-1SG   you.PL-ABL   leave-PERF-SUP   AFF-come-1SG   say-0-SS.IMPF  

Elk came to his brothers and said: "I have found some food, so I will live on my own. I have come to leave you."


.
(16-35)   
qol-l'El     {i     vs'o}.    
go-EV   and   all  

He left.


.
(16-36)   
d'E     tamun     tittE-n'E     aj     keb-ej-l'El-Ni.    
DP   that   they-COM   also   leave-PERF-EV-3PL  

But they went with him as well.


.
(16-37)   
d'E     ta:-t     jO:-l'-e:-l'El-u-m,     aNs'i:-l'El-u-m,     n'E-qadungE     aNs'i:-d'a:-t    
DP   there-ADV.ABL   see-0-INCH-EV-0-TR.3SG   search-EV-0-TR.3SG   NEG-where   search-INTR-SS.IMPF  
El=nul'-l'El.    
NEG-find-EV  

Then Elk searched for his reserves but couldn't find anything.


.
(16-38)   
qa-NidE     qon-o:-dE-jlE     El=lej-di:.    
what-ADV.DIR   go-RES-3-ACC   NEG-know-TR  

He didn't know where they disappeared to.


.
(16-39)   
aNs'i:-d'a:-t     aNs'i:-d'a:-t     ta:-t     El=lek-c'O:n     o:-Zi:-t     ibil'e:-l'e:-l'El.    
search-INTR-SS.IMPF   search-INTR-SS.IMPF   there-ADV.ABL   NEG-eat-PRIV   be-TR-SS.IMPF   cry-INCH-EV  

He searched, but still couldn't find anything and cried.


.
(16-40)   
aNs'i:-t     oG-o:-dE-gE     an-da:     c'olGEra:-de:     qad'ilb-a:-din     l'E-t    
search-SS.IMPF   stand-RES-3-DS   PRON-there   hare-DIM   laugh-INCH-SUP   be-SS.IMPF  
a-dO:n     modo-l-o:-gi     [tO:n]     nO:-l-o:-t     modo-l-o:-dE-jlE     mon-u-t,    
PRON-that   sit-0-RES-3   that   laugh-0-RES-SS.IMPF   sit-0-RES-3-ACC   say-0-SS.IMPF  
n'a:s'E-dE-jlE     ta:-t     lostubi:-l'El-u-m     qojl     jO:-t     ta-N    
face-3-ACC   there-ADV.ABL   bless-EV-0-TR.3SG   God   see-SS.IMPF   that-ATTR  
para:-gE     qojl     ej-rE-dE-gE     Ord'-o:-l     lebe:-gE.    
time-LOC   God   walk-NONIT-3-DS   middle-V-AN   earth-LOC  

When he was searching and standing there, Hare tried not to laugh. He was about to laugh at how Elk was behaving. But God was walking in the middle land at that time, saw him, and cursed his face.

Comment:
Ord'o:l lebe: 'middle earth, middle world'. According to traditional Yukaghir mythology, the Universe is divided into three layers: pudo:l lebe: 'the upper world', the place where the Gods live, alGudo:l lebe: or ajbid'i: 'the lower world' (see Text 40), and the middle world, i.e. the real earth.


.
(16-41)   
l'E     jaqa-d-a:s'a:-de:-dE     El=nO:-t     l'E-t     {t'erp'i}-t     modo-t    
DP   Yakut-GEN-reindeer-DIM-DP   NEG-laugh-SS.IMPF   be-SS.IMPF   have.patience-SS.IMPF   sit-SS.IMPF  
oG-o:-l-o:-dE     l'E-gi     tamun-gEt     ta-N     aNanmugO     tittE    
stand-RES-0-RES-3   be-3   that-ABL   that-ATTR   lip   they.GEN  
aNanmugO     c'umu     mumu-Saj-dEllE     moj-m     tude     joGul-gElE    
lip   all   press-PERF-SS.PERF   hold-TR.3SG   he.GEN   nose-ACC  
ere-l'E-S-tEllE     c'olGEra:-de:     aNd'E     del'bE     ere-gE-dej-dEllE     nO:-l    
fork-?-CAUS-SS.PERF   hare-DIM   eye   very   fork-ITER-PERF-SS.PERF   laugh-AN  
l'E-t     tude     aNa     mumu-Saj-dEllE     aj     oG-o:-dE-gE    
be-SS.IMPF   he.GEN   mouth   press-PERF-SS.PERF   also   stand-RES-3-DS  
l'E-t.    
be-SS.IMPF  

Horse was standing trying not to laugh. That is why a horse always keeps its lips pressed together, blowing its nose. A hare too always stands as if it is about to laugh, its eyes bulging, pressing its lips together.


.
(16-42)   
ta-N     c'omo:lbEn     d'e:tEGE     irk-i-n     n'anmE     kuS    
that-ATTR   elk   still   one-0-ATTR   willow   any  
l'EgE     l'E-t     ibil'-o:-gi,     joGul-gi     al-GudE     lOud-u:-l-o:-gi.    
DP   be-SS.IMPF   cry-RES-3   nose-3   under-ADV.DIR   take.down-INTR-0-RES-3  

An elk is thinking "if only there were a willow branch here" and is crying. Its nose is crooked.


.
(16-43)   
ta:-t     c'a:SEt     o:-l'-l'El.    
there-ADV.ABL   now   be-?-EV  

That's what happens now.


.
(16-44)   
ta:-t     l'E-t     en-d'o:N=No:t     kudu-l'El-Ni,     tuda:     SoromE-pul    
there-ADV.ABL   be-SS.IMPF   live-SUBN-TRANS   become-EV-3PL   earlier   man-PL  
o:-l'El-Ni.    
be-EV-3PL  

Apparently the brothers became animals, but once they were men.


.
(16-45)   
tabud-E     c'em-e:-s'.    
that-INSTR   finish-INCH-3SG  

This is the end.