Home > Publications > Manuscripta Castreniana Ostiak-Samoiedica > Case Paradigms Čulym

Case Paradigms Čulym

Contents

• Fixed vowel stems
• Schwa stems
• Hard stem
• Weak stem
• Consonant stems

Editor’s introduction

Common grammar for both informants Č and OO.

Text in black is Castrén’s (original or translated into English, sometimes both, separated by a slash), text in grey is the editor’s.

Fixed vowel stems

			Collective
N	lača squirrel trap 291 [under schwa stems, with note ‘NB. Belongs to the vowel declination = [declined as] loga)’]	N	lačala
G	lačan
A	lačam
D	lačanda
Loc.-Abl.	lačágan
C	lačaseä

			Collective
N	loga fox 287	N	logala
G	logan (ol, tooba [fox’s head, foot])	G	logalan
D	loganč
A	(nominative loga or) logam	A	logalam
Loc.-Abl.	logágan	Abl.-Loc.	logalágan
P	logaún (“or [Loc.-Abl.] logágan”)	P	logalaún (logalan [sic, obviously instructive], parlaun [through the tops])
C	logasea, -seä (or loganopse)	C	logalaséä
Instr.	logan (cfr. poan [with knife])
All.	logani	All.	logalaní [question mark on accent]
In.-El.	logannán	In.-El.	logalannan

			Collective
N	koča sack 287	N	kočala etc.
G	kočan
A	kočam
D	kočand
Loc.-Abl.	kočagan
P	kočaun
C	kočaséä

			Collective
N	tuldjo chest 289	N	tuldjola
G	tuldjon
D	tuldjondö
Loc.-Abl.	tuldjógan
C	tuldjoséä

			Collective
N	mugò bird cherry tree 293	N	mugola
G	mugon

			Collective
N	pyygo aspen 293	N	pyygola
G	pyygon

OO:

			Collective
N	píigò осина 339	N	piigóla
G	píigon
A	-gòm
D	píigònd

			Collective
N	kuléä ворон 287	N	kulela
G	kulen
A	kulem
Abl.	kuléagan
All.	kuleni
In.-El.	kulennán
P	kuleun (?) [question mark by Castrén]
C	kulese

N	kaunbi холст 288
G	-bin
D	-bindä
Loc.-Abl.	-biagan
C	kaunbise

			Collective
N	na it 300	N	nala 300
G	nan
A	nam? [question mark by Castrén]
P	naun
C	nase
All.	nani
In.-El.	nannan

			Collective
N	to lake 289	N	tŏla
G	ton 289, 327, tun 327
D	tondö 289
Abl.	toogannö
P	toun
C	toseä

			Collective
N	to that 300	N	tola
G	ton
A	tom? [question mark by Castrén]
P	toun
All.	toni
In.-El.	tonnan

N	k͔uo ear 289
D	k͔uondö
Abl.	k͔uogannö

			Collective
N	uu willow grouse 289	N	uula
D	uundö
All.	uuni
		Loc.	ulágan or úláǥan [without translation] 340
In.-El.	uunnan
C	uuseä

			Collective
N	kî [changed to ke (read: kê) in the whole paradigm] river 288	N	kela
G	ken
A	kem
D	kendä
Loc.-Abl.	kegan(na) or keagan
P	keun

			Collective
N	lî bone 288	N	lî́la
G	lîn
A	lîm
D	lî́nd
Loc.-Abl.	lîagan

N	pîê bast 288
G	pîên
Loc.-Abl.	pîêgan

N	sie tongue 288
G	sien
Loc.-Abl.	siegan

N	ii son 288
G	iin
C	iiséä
All.	iini

			Collective
N	pyy stone 289	N	pyyla
D	pyynd
Loc.-Abl.	pyogan

			Collective
N	k͔öe birch 288	N	k͔öela
G	k͔öen ol [birch’s top]
Loc.-Abl.	k͔öegan = k͔öeagan
All.	k͔öeni

Schwa stems

291 1. Nouns on ö [= schwa] keep in hard stems this end vowel in all cases except for ablative, where o is inserted, in prosecutive with o, in instructive [comitative], where it if possible is deleted or remains unchanged. So also in nominative plural [collective], that in hard stems take the suffix -la, not -lä.

2. Weak stems on ö take in dative e, in instructive y, in plural y if the ultima is accented, rarely ö.

292 NB. The hard vowels take ö or o, the weak take e and ea.

293 1. The weak stems on -ä take e in accented syllables in dative, ablative, prosecutive, and also in instructive, if it is not omitted.

2. The hard stems take in dative ö, in instructive e, o in ablative and prosecutive, if it cannot be omitted.

NB. Dative takes, if the stem is hard, the connecting vowel ö, if it is weak e, ablative takes o for hard, ea for weak stems.

(GSL171: ‘Hereto we add from the Čulym dialect some examples, that in respect to the connecting vowel are distinct from other dialects’. These, partly deleted, paradigms are added to the original recordings below.)

Hard stem [back vowelic]

			Collective
N	andše boat 292, G76	N	andšela 292, G76
G	annen 292, andšen or annên G76
A	andšem 292, G76
D	annö́ndö 292, annönd G76
Loc.-Abl.	andšogan 292, andšógan G76
P	announ 292, andšòun or annóun G76
C	antse 292, antsèä G76

			Collective
N	sei eye [/sajə/, back vowelic with phonetic palatalisation] 288	N	seila 288
G	sein
A	sejöm
D	sejöndö
Loc.-Abl.	sejögan
C	seise
Instr.	sein

			Collective
N	tau this 300	N	taula
G	taun
A	taum
P	tau’un?
C	tause
All.	tauni
In.-El.	taunnan

			Collective
N	oamdä horn 293	N	oamdälä
G	oamdän
D	oamnönda
A	(nominative oamd or -mdä or) -mdäm
Loc.-Abl.	-mdógan
P	-doun
C	oamtseä

			Collective
N	kuel fish 294	N	kuella
G	kueln
A	(nominative kuel or) kuelem
D	kuelönd
Loc.-Abl.	kuelógan
P	kueloún
C	kuelзe

			Collective
N	kuargá [sic, -á] bear 291, kuarga G74, †kuarǥa GSL171	N	kuargala 291
G	kuargan 291, G74, †kuarǥan GSL171
A	kuargam 291, †kuarǥam GSL171
D	kuarganda [sic] 291, †kuarǥanda GSL171
Loc.-Abl.	kuargógan 291
P	kuargóun 291, †kuarǥaun GSL171
C	kuargasé 291, †kuarǥase GSL171
All.	†kuarǥani GSL171
In.-El.	†kuarǥanan GSL171

(291 Those on -a usually belong to the vowel declination [fixed vowel stems], the others take in unaccented syllables preferably e (alternates with a), in accented syllables a in this dialect. Nouns with ǥ as character take preferably o if not two consonants precede.)

			Collective
N	kuače town 292	N	kuačela
G	kuačen
A	kuačem
D	kuačöndö
Loc.-Abl.	kuačógan(na)
P	kuačóun
C	kuačeséä

			Collective
N	lóba glove 291	N	lobela
G	lobaen
A	(nominative lob or) lobaem
D	lobándö [sic, -á-]
Loc.-Abl.	lobágan [sic, -á-]
P	lobáun [sic, -á-]
C	lobse or lobeséa

			Collective
N	toba foot 291, tóoba G74	N	tobela
G	tóben 291, tooben 328, toban or tobên G74
A	tobe͑m 291
D	tobando [sic]
Loc.-Abl.	tobógaon(na)
P	tobaun [sic]
C	tobse or tobese

			Collective
N	koba skin 291	N	koobelä
G	kóoben
A	kóobem
D	kṓbanda [sic]
Loc.-Abl.	kobógan
P	kobaun [sic]
C	kobeséa

			Collective
N	ol head 294	N	olla
G	oln
D	olönd
A	(nominative ol or) olm
Loc.-Abl.	ológan (above written: ‹ol?›gan)
P	olóun
C	olseä (1S oloneзeä)

			Collective
N	mottjö пята 290	N	mottjöla
G	-ön
D	-önd

			Collective
N	optä hair 293, †opte hair GSL171	N	optälä 193, †optela GSL171
G	optän 293, †opten GSL171
A	†optem GSL171
D	optöndö 293, †optöndö GSL171
Loc.-Abl.	optógan 293, †optogon GSL171
P	optoun 193, †optoun GSL171
C	optese 193, †optesea GSL171

Dual is missing GSL171

			Collective
N	pórǥo cloth 293	N	porǥola
G	-rǥon
A	(nominative porǥo or) porǥom
D	porǥondö
Loc.-Abl.	-rgógan
P	porǥoun
C	porǥose

			Collective
N	pongò net 293	N	pongola
G	pongon

			Collective
N	útö hand 290, †utö GSL171	N	utla (-lä) 290, †utöla GSL171
G	utön 290, GSL171
A	utöm? 290, †utöm GSL171
D	utönd(ö) 290,†utöndö GSL171
Loc.-Abl.	utóganna 290, †ut‹ó›gon GSL171
P	utóun 290,†utoun GSL171
C	utséä or udöseä 290, †utosea (†utsea) GSL171

Dual is missing GSL171

			Collective
N	kutö who 300	N	kudöla or kutla
G	kudön
P	kudöun
C	kudöse or kutse
All.	kudöni
A	kudöm
In.-El.	kudönnán

			Collective
N	nuga nape 291, G74	N	nugola
G	nugon 291, G74
A	nugom 291
D	nugonda
Loc.-Abl.	nugógon
P	nugoún
C	nugose

			Collective
N	počo beaver 293	N	-ola
G	-on

			Collective
N	umdä beard 293	N	umdälä
G	umdän
D	umnönd
Loc.-Abl.	umdógan
P	umdoún
C	umtsé?

			Collective
N	njulgo пихта 293	N	njulgula
G	-lgon
D	-lgondö
Loc.-Abl.	-ógan
P	-oun
C	-oseä

N	pytjö nose [/pućə/, back vowelic with phonetic palatalisation] 290
G	pytjön
D	pytjöndä
Loc.-Abl.	pytjeagan
P	pytjóun

			Collective
N	kyndjö зипун [/kunćə/, back vowelic with phonetic palatalisation] 290	N	kyndjölä
G	-djön
A	kyndjöm
D	kynnjöndö
Loc.-Abl.	kyndjeagan
C	kyndjöse
P	kyndjóun

			Collective
N	muunö finger 290, †mūnö GSL171	N	munla or munöla 290, †mūnöla (†mūnla) GSL171
G	mūnön 290, †m‹ū›nön GSL171
A	†m‹ū›nöm GSL171
D	muunöndö 290, †mūnöndö GSL171
Loc.-Abl.	muunógan 290, †mūnōgon GSL171
P	munoún 290, †mūnoun GSL171
C	munзeä (-nöseä) 290, †mūnese (†mūnse) GSL171

Dual is missing GSL171

			Collective
N	kuutö spruce 290	N	kuutöala or kuutla 290
G	kuutön
A	kuutöm
D	kuutöndö
Abl.	kuutóganna
P	kuutoun 290, kutóun 305
C	kuutséä (-öse) 290, kudäseä or kutseä 305

			Collective
N	îndše bow 292	N	îndšelä
G	înnen
D	înnöndä
Loc.-Abl.	îndšogan(na)
P	îndšeun [sic]
C	întseä

(292 NB. The unaccented final e the words take only after the sibilants dš and č, by which is heard an unusually broad sound. In other cases this e becomes finally a clear ä.)

			Collective
N	kîl breast 294	N	kîlla
G	kîln
D	kîlönd
Loc.-Abl.	kîlógan (or kîlgan)

N	îl bottom 294
G	îln
D	îlönd 294, 329
Loc.-Abl.	îlógan (“or îlgan” [this being the postposition]) 294, îlógan под, из-под 329
P	îloun 294, 329

Weak stem [front vowelic]

			Collective
N	pä̆tä̆ nest 292	N	pätälä
G	pätän
A	pätäm
D	pätend
Loc.-Abl.	pätéagan
P	pätéun
C	(päteseä) pätseä

			Collective
N	päl thigh 294	N	pällä
G	päln
A	(1S pälém changed to:) pälem)
D	pälend
Loc.-Abl.	päleágan
P	päleun

N	märgä wind 292
G	märgän
D	märgendä
Loc.-Abl.	märgeagan
C	märgeseä

			Collective
N	ietä village 292	N	iedälä
G	ĭetän
A	iedäm
D	-dend
Loc.-Abl.	-eagan
P	iedéun
C	ietse

			Collective
N	kietä basket 292	N	kiedälä
G	-dän
A	-däm
D	-dendä
Loc.-Abl.	-eagan
C	kietse

			Collective
N	čiibä peg 292	N	čiibälä
G	-bän
D	-bend
C	čiibeseä

			Collective
N	ygo hat 293	N	ygula
G	ygun
D	-ond
C	-usea

			Collective
N	yngo запушка 293	N	yngula
G	-un

(293 in these three words (njulgo, ygo, yngo) the final syllable is unaccented. The sound is in the latter case [?] u)

			Collective
N	kyndö horse 290, kynde (-ö) 340	N	kyndölä 290, kyndêla 340
G	kyndön 290, kynnên 340, kynnen‿go за лошадю 328	G	kyndölän 290
A	kynnöm 290
D	kynnénd 340
Loc.	kyndéagan 290, 340
P	kyndéun 290
C	kyntsé
All.	kynnení or -nnendä	All.	kyndöläni
In.-El.	kynnênnan 340	In.-El.	kyndolönnán
		C	kyndöläse

			Collective
N	yynö strap 290	N	yynylä (-nol-); ynylä 290
G	yynön 290, ynan 306
A	yynöm 290
D	yynendä; (yynöndö) or yynendä
Loc.-Abl.	ynéagan; yyneagan
P	yneun 290, 306
C	yynyséä; yynöséä 290, yynyseä 306

			Collective
N	čyu larch 289	N	čyula
G	čyun
D	čywendä
Loc.-Abl.	čyweagan(na)

			Collective
N	tep he 299	N	teplä [sic, -ä]
G	tében	G	teplän
A	tébem	A	tepläm
P	tebeùn	P	tepläun
C	tepsi	C	tepläse
All.	tébeni	All.	tepläni
In./El.	tebennan	In./El.	teplännán

(partly preserved i-stem)

			Collective
N	k͔ai what 300	N	k͔aila
G	k͔ain
Loc.-Abl.	k͔aigan
C	k͔aise
All.	kaini
In.-El.	k͔ainnan

Consonant stems

[p-stems]

N	tuob край 294
D	tuopt 294, tuoptä (-э) 328
Loc.-Abl.	tuopk͔an 294, 328

[m-stems]

			Collective
N	kom person 295	N	kuwlá
G	kuun 295, kun 330
Loc.-Abl.	komga‹n› 295
All.	kuuni
In.-El.	kuunnan
C	kopsea

			Collective
N	lom God 295	N	luulá
G	luun 295, lun, OO lún 330
All.	luuni 295
In.-El.	luunnan
C	lopsea

			Collective
N	käm blood 295	N	käula
G	käun
D	kämdä etc.

			Collective
N	liem board 295	N	lieula
G	lieun
D	liemdä
Loc.-Abl.	liemgan
P	liemmen
C	liepse

N	orm strength 295
G	oruun

N	tärem roe 295
G	täruun

[t-stems]

			Collective
N	muat house 296	N	muadala
G	muadan 296, muaden 327, maaden, muaden 328, OO maadên (-an) 328
D	muatta 296, muatta, OO muattэ домой 334
A	(nominative muat)
Loc.	muatk͔an hemma 334
Abl.	muatkann 296, muatkan(‿ā-) 327, muatk͔anna hemifrån 334
P	muanmen 296
C	(3S muatse or) muassé

[n-stems]

N	čän sinew 294
G	čänn or čänen
D	čänd or [false] -nend
Loc.-Abl.	čänǥan or [false] -neagan
P	[false] čäneun
C	čänзe

N	käsen snare 294
G	käsen
D	käsendä
Loc.-Abl.	käsenǥan

[k-, k͔-stems]

N	saak͔ salt 295
G	saaǥan
D	saak͔t
Loc.-Abl.	sak͔k͔an
C	saxse

N	aabak lid 295
G	aabagan
D	aabakta
Abl.	aaba‹k͔k͔›anna

N	pösak bowl 295
G	-aǥan
D	-akt
Loc.-Abl.	-k͔k͔an
C	pösaxse

[ŋ-stems]

N	aang mouth 295
G	a’an

N	ong collar 295
G	o’on (oo’en)

N	kong chief 295
G	ko’on

N	kyng косачь 295
G	kyun

			Collective
N	kanang dog 295, OO kanàng G79	N	kanagla 295, G79, OO kanagla or -lä G79
G	kanan or kana’an or -nagan 295, kanagan, OO kanagn G79
A	(nominative kanang or) kanagam 295, Č, OO kanagm G79
D	kanagda 295, OO kanangdэ G79
Loc.-Abl.	kanangk͔an
P	kanagmen 295, G79
C	kanakseä 295, OO kanakse G79
All.	kanagni 295, Č, OO kanagni G79	All.	OO -làn, kanaglänì G79
In.El.	kanagnan, OO kanangnan G79

N	solang spoon (declined like tjy̆nang sleeve) 295
G	-la’an or -lagan
C	solakse

N	täčeng siberian pine 295, tä̆teng G80
G	täčegen 295, tätegn G80

N	neteng girl 295
G	netegen

N	peleng half 295
G	pelegen
Loc.-Abl.	OO pelengǥan G79
P	OO pelengmen G79

N	tjy̆nang sleeve 295
G	tjyna’an or -nagan or -nan
D	tjynangda
Loc.-Abl.	tjynangk͔an
P	tjynangmen
C	tjynakʃe

[j-stems]

			Collective
N	njai bread 288	N	njaila
G	njāin (njaain (-en)) 288, njain G84
A	(nominative njai 288)
D	njaatje 288, njátj(e) G84
Loc.-Abl.	[false] njaajagan 288
C	njaiséä

N	awai chin 288, GSL180
G	awain
D	awatje 288, GSL180, awatj(e) G84
Loc.-Abl.	awajagan [false] 288, awaigan GSL180

N	kuei soul 288, G84
D	kuetje

[ś-stems]

N	tjos сало 294
G	tjoosen

[r-stems]

			Collective
N	tar wool 294	N	tarla
G	tarn
D	tartta
A	(nominative tar)
Loc.-Abl.	targan
P	tarun
C	tarзe

N	sîr cow 294
G	ʃîrn
D	sîrttä
Loc.-Abl.	sîrgan
P	sîrún
C	sîrзe
All.	sîrni

[l-stems]

			Collective
N	käl pit 294	N	källä
G	kêaln
D	kälttä
Loc.-Abl.	kälgan
P	[false] käloun